The flora and fauna in Pakistan are as diverse as the types of habitats. They also reflect the diversity of climatic zones, from arid to tropical. There are more than 177 mammals and 660 species of birds. We differentiate between the 4 regions: the mountainous north, the desert plains of Sindh and the Indus valley, the western mountains with its plains and deserts and the southern coastal region.

Afghan cuisine is as diverse as its peoples. But it remains very common in other Central Asian countries. We will find pilaf rice, as a holiday dish, but also large steamed ravioli, beef, lamb or chicken skewers. But we also find a lot of vegetables such as poichiches, red beans, lentils. The dishes are often accompanied by rice, but wheat, barley and corn are also part of Afghan cuisine. We also find cheese cured on bread with onion and mint: the "qrouti" which looks like the pamiri "kurtob" dish.

Pakistani cuisine can be characterized by a blend of various regional culinary traditions from South Asia and West Asia, as well as elements of its Mughal heritage. The country's different cuisines are derived from its ethnic and cultural diversity.

Biryani, Palau and Nihari are very popular. Pakistani cuisine is a collection of rich and exotic dishes From the spiciness of the Qurma to the sweetness of the Kheer, every meal in Pakistan is an integral part of the journey. However, Pakistani cuisine still hides full of taste surprises

The majority of Pakistani cuisine, with roots in the eastern provinces of Punjab and Sindh, is generally characterized as “highly seasoned” and “spicy,” overlapping that of neighboring India. Conversely, the cuisine of the western and northern provinces of Azad Jammu and Kashmir, Balochistan, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa and Gilgit-Baltistan is described as "sweet", largely sharing its elements with India. , Bangladesh and neighboring regions of the Indian subcontinent and South Asia.

The Pakistani rupee (abbreviated as PKR) has been the official currency of Pakistan since 1948. 

There are 5 coins: 1, 2, 5, 10, 50 rupees. And 8 banknotes: 5, 10, 20, 50, 100, 500, 1000, 5000

Bringing in of foreign currencies is permitted without any limit. A passenger can bring any amount of any foreign currency to Pakistan. Taking out foreign currencies is permitted up to US $ 10,000 un-conditionally.

Taking out Pakistan currency exceeding Rs. 3,000 is not permitted and in case of departing for India a maximum of Rs. 500 is permitted.

Exchange rate on 12/07/2021 was 1US$ = 159 PKR

Buses are the main mode of public transportation in Ulaanbaatar. There is no set schedule, but buses run stops at approximately 15-minute intervals in the capital. Buses run between 7:00 a.m. and 10:00 p.m.

There is transportation between cities in Mongolia that offers buses of all sizes, from minivans to large buses (usually up to 45 seats). Buses leave from Dragon station. There is also a trolleybus system in Ulan Bator.

The Tajik bus company Asian Express has severely limited the number of bus trips from Dushanbe to the cities and regions of Tajikistan. Since the buses are not filled with passengers, they essentially make 1 or 2 trips per day to Bokhtar, Kulyab, Shakhritus, Tursunzade, etc. The system put in place in the Soviet era collapsed. Ticket prices are too advantageous, and the company is no longer profitable. Passengers prefer taxi minibuses because bus schedules are disorganized and do not match demand.
In Tajikistan, most of the transport run by collective minibus or jeep-taxi. In general, you will find them near bazaars. In Dushanbe, the taxi drivers will take you to the right station.

Ashgabat has more than 70 urban bus lines and 20 connecting the suburbs of the capital. Each stop is accompanied by a route plan and a timetable. The stops are spaced 300 to 500 meters apart.
There are two bus stations in the city: near the Tekinsky bazaar and the other the new inter-regional and international bus station located north of the city on the highway leading to Dashoguz.
Buses depart daily connecting the towns of Turkmenabat, Bayramali, Dashoguz, Erbent, Bokurdak, Turkmenbashi, Archman and Bakharly. There are also suburban transportations with Yashlyk, Gokdepe, Gorjav, Yzgant, Babarap, Bugdayly, Annau, Gyami, Ovadandepe, Vatan, Khurmant, Onaldy, Gami Dacha, Kasamly Dzhulge, Gavers, Yashyldepe, Akdashayak and Nichia.

Each Kazakh city has at least one inter-regional bus station. Some cities have more than one, for different destinations. Buses are generally modern and comfortable.

Between villages and towns, there are poorly organized taxis and minibuses that leave when the vehicle is full. You can of course pay for the vehicle in full and leave as soon as you want. These transports are found in town around the inter-regional bus stations, as well as the marchroutkas which run through the towns. So these bus stations are very lively, and you will find cafes, shops, sim-cards, currency exchange, etc.

Some Kazakh cities already have a very organized inter-ciy bus system like Almaty or Nur-Sultan (former Astana).

Unlike flights and trains in China, bus tickets tend to have more availability, giving you the flexibility to change your itinerary at a moment’s notice. You don't need to bought a bus ticket earlier than a day in advance.  Chinese buses often run at a higher frequency than flights in China or trains. Most of the time you don’t have to worry about booking in advance because there will be a bus between two cities that runs at least once every hour, if not more. Compared to Chinese airports and train stations, security at a bus station is a breeze. You can arrive at a bus station any earlier than 30 minutes before my departure and you will still end up waiting for 15 minutes.
Most of the time, Chinese bus stations are located in the heart of a city as opposed to airports and train stations which are usually on the edge of town. This can not only save you time, it also saves you the expense of a taxi into town. 
Generally speaking, there are two basic kinds of buses in China: the seated bus and the sleeper bus. Sleeper buses also usually have A/C, an entertainment system and heating, although it all depends on the age of the bus you’re riding. Beds are priced higher for the top bunk than the bottom bunk in a sleeper bus.
With the exception of small towns, most cities in China have a number of different bus stations scattered around.

Often, bus stations are categorized by which direction their buses head (north, south, east or west). Others by which specific city or region they service.

You may to have an official form of ID (your passport) in order to purchase bus tickets. Once your ticket is bought, you can’t transfer this ticket to anybody else without returning it and buying a new one.

Taking public transport in Nepal is a once in a lifetime experience, and you'll have a lot of history to tell when you get home.
In cities, the best way to get around is by rickshaw. If you prefer to take a taxi, make sure the taxi is licensed with the taxi sign on the roof and a black number plate. You can also rent vehicles. There are more comfortable but more expensive private taxis.
Around the Katmandu Valley, public government buses are green. They will only stop at official bus stops.
There are long-distance buses that will reach all major destinations and cities in the country.

Los autobuses en Pakistán son una de las mejores formas de transporte por carretera para muchas ciudades con buena capacidad de transporte de pasajeros. Día a día, las empresas de autobuses están modernizando su flota con los últimos autobuses importados de diferentes fabricantes de autobuses en el mundo como China, Corea y Japón. Algunos de los autobuses se están ensamblando aquí en Pakistán, donde las partes principales se importan del extranjero. La mayoría de estos operadores de autobuses utilizan autobuses de lujo Daewoo, Yutong, KingLong, Volvo y Higer.

Aquí hay una lista de las top 10 principales compañías de autobuses en Pakistán.

1. Faisal Movers
2. Daewoo Express
3. Bilal Travels
4. Road Master
5. Niazi Express
6. Manthar Transport
7. Q Connect
8. Kohistan Express
9. ITC Cruzer
10. Waraich Express

The public transport network is expanding. Buses run regularly between Jalalabad and Peshawar in Pakistan. Similarly, between Herat and Mashad in Iran.
In the country, it is common to travel in collective taxis of all types, which do not have a meter. Ask for the price before you go.

New roads connect Kabul to Kandahar and Mazar-i-sharif, each journey takes about 5 hours. 

The Afghan rupee was the currency of Afghanistan until 1925. Before 1891, silver rupees circulated with copper falus and gold mohur. The three metals had no fixed exchange rate between them, with different regions issuing their own coins.

In 1891, a new currency was introduced, based on the Kabuli rupee. The rupee was subdivided into 60 paisa, each of 10 dinar. Other denominations issued included the shahi of 5 paisa, the sanar of 10 paisa, the abbasi of 20 paisa, the qiran of 1⁄2 rupee and the tilla and later the amani, both of 10 rupee. The rupee was replaced in 1925 by the Afghani, which is the currency today, but continued to be in circulation until 1978.

Money can be changed in Bank, in official money exchange offices or at Halawa offices.

Afghanistan covers an area of 652,230 km2 and has no access to the sea.
The population of 32 million is made up mainly of Pashtuns (42%) and Tajiks (27%). It also has Uzbek (9%), Hazari, Aimaq (4%) and Turkmen (3%) minorities.
The religion there is more than 99% Muslim.

There are three types of electrical outlets likely to be found in Afghanistan. They are the old British standard BS-546, the newer British standard BS-1363 and the European standard CEE-7/7 "Schukostecker" or "Schuko".

Pakistan, officially the Islamic Republic of Pakistan, is a country in South Asia. It is the world's fifth-most populous country, with a population exceeding 225.2 million, and has the world's second-largest Muslim population. Pakistan is the 33rd-largest country by area, spanning 881,913 square kilometers. It has a 1,046-kilometer coastline along the Arabian Sea and Gulf of Oman in the south, and is bordered by India to the east, Afghanistan to the west, Iran to the southwest, and China to the northeast. It is separated narrowly from Tajikistan by Afghanistan's Wakhan Corridor in the north, and also shares a maritime border with Oman.

Capital Islamabad
33 ° 41′30 ″ N 73 ° 03′00 ″ E
Largest city Karachi
24 ° 51′36 ″ N 67 ° 00′36 ″ E
Official languages : Urdu and English
Regional languages ​​Punjabi (39%) • Pashto (18%) • Sindhi (15%) • Saraiki (12%) • Balochi (3%) • Hindko (2%) • Pothwari (1%) • Brahui (1%) • Kashmiri (0.17%)
Ethnic groups :
44.7% Punjabis
15.4% Pashtuns
14.1% Sindhis
8.4% Saraikis
7.6% Muhajirs
3.6% Balochs
6.3% Others
Religions:
96.47% Islam (official) 
2.14% Hinduism
1.27% Christianity
0.9% Ahmadiyya
0.02% Others

Government Federal parliamentary constitutional republic:
• President : Arif alvi
• Prime Minister: Imran khan

Legislature Parliament
• Upper house: Senate
• Lower house : National Assembly

Independence from the United Kingdom
• Dominion : 14 August 1947
• Islamic Republic : 23 March 1956
• Last polity withdrawn : 12 January 1972
• Current constitution : 14 August 1973

Area
• Total : 881,913 km2 (340,509 sq mi) (33rd)
• Water (%) : 2.86
Population
• 2021 estimate
Increase 225,199,937 (5th)
• 2017 census : Increase 207.8 million
• Density : 244.4 / km2 (633.0 / sq mi) (56th)
GDP (PPP) 2021 estimate
• Total: Increase $ 1.110 trillion  (26th)
• Per capita: Increase $ 5,839 (139th)
GDP (nominal) 2021 estimate
• Total: Increase $ 296 billion (43rd)
• Per capita: Increase $ 1,543 (159th)

Currency Pakistani rupee (₨) (PKR)
Time zone UTC + 05: 00 (PST)

Mains electricity 230 V – 50 Hz
Driving side left 
Calling code +92
ISO 3166 code PK
Internet TLD .pk

The Kabul International airport is situated 5km on the North-East of the Chawk e Fawara e Ab crossroad, at the end of the Bibi Mahru Bvd. It was build in 1960 by the USSR. 

By February 2023, most flights to and from Afghanistan are from the United Arab Emirates and Qatar.

In addition, there are direct flights from Istanbul, Turkey, as well as from Islamabad, the Pakistani capital, and Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, Teheran and Mashad, Iran. But Also, Dehli, Moscow, Ryad, Urumqui, Tashkent, Dushanbe, Almaty. Land borders with Uzbekistan, Iran and Tajikistan are also open.

Citizens of most Western countries need a tourist visa and there are fewer Afghan embassies around the world than two years ago.

The new terminal is reserved for international flight, and the old one for national flights. Today, these companies operate to/from Kabul : Ariana, Kam Air, Turkish Airlines, Mahan Air and Kish Air. The most popular route start from Dubaï, every day.

National flights of Ariana and KamAir are linking Kandahar, Herat, Bamyan, Mazar-i-Sharif, Khost, Lashkargah, Maimana, Balkh, Zaranj.

For more details, please contact us.

Major international airports are situated in Karachi (KHI), Islamabad (ISB), Faisalabad (LYP) and Lahore (LHE). 

The new Islamabad airport was inaugurated in 2018, and it's the main airport of the country, and the most easy, if you are looking connections with the North of Pakistan like Skardu or Gilgit airports.

Yurta is a small dwelling, decorated with hand-made felt carpets and strips. Having its routes at ancient Turkic tribes yurta took all the best from many centuries' experience of people. Kyrgyz tribes, occupied with nomadic cattle-breeding in mountains, worked out the best type of transportable dwelling that is easily disjointed, moved on pack animals and again set.

Yurta consists of wooden construction and felt cover.

Latticed sliding walls (kerege) consist of separate links. They define sizes of yurta. From the external side kerege are covered with mats, made of cheegrass stalk. It lets air the dwelling and the same time keep it from wind and dust.

Sphere roof of yurta is made of sharp-cut bend from one side poles - uuk. By one side, where bend is, they are fixed in the upper part of wall basis, by other side they are set to the wholes in tunduk - wooden circle at the top of yurta.

Yurta is covered by felts of different types. That are tunduk jabuu, tuunduk, uzuktor. Felt cover is connected with its frame by narrow woven and leather stripes. The cover of tunduk is moveable and the hole for smoke is easily opened in the morning and closed in the night with help of long lassos. The doorway is covered with felt or woven ornamented curtain.

Yurta can be set in 1 hour.

Internal and external sides of yurta are rich decorated with different ornamented items made of felt, applications, braided patterned fringe, multicolored tassels (chachyk) and patterned braid (terenchek boo).

During the years not only yurta but its interior has changed. Right side of the yurta was considered women's part (epchi jak). Here colored bags with felt applications, clothes, head-dresses, jewelry, needle work of mistress and pottery were kept. Place for food was separated with screen from ornamented mat (chygdak).

Place in the opposite of entrance was considered honorary (tor). At this part of the wall there was the row of trunks where rarely used patterned carpets were laid. The more carpets - the richer people living in the yurta. At the floor of the yurta only the best carpets - ala-kiyiz were put, then shirdaks, and on them - narrow quilts (toshok) or fur lays - koldolosh. Tor was the centre of yurta. It was place for the most honorary guests. "When you are the guest, don't sit to tor". If the person more honorary than you will come, than the master will tell you "Give place to him!". And you will have to give place before all the guests. So when you are guest, take less honorary place. And the master of the house will come and tell: "Respected, please, go to tor", then your authority will go up before everybody"). Before sitting guests they were put the kind of table-cloth - dostarkhan. In the middle of the yurta they burnt the fire and cooked the meals. It is called kolomto. Rich people cooked their dishes in special yurtas - ashkanas. Poor people lived in smoked small yurtas (boz ui, kara ui), where they kept not only their utilities (bed, pottery), but in the cold time of the year - new born calves and lambs.

In yurta people are always surrounded by comfortable carpets, woven and embroidered covers, blankets and pillows and other utilities often made by mistress herself. Materials that she needs are felt, fleecy cloths, fur, textile, cheegrass, the main graphic is color and ornament.

The coloring of Kyrgyz national cloths, carpets, embroideries is saturated and cheerful. It's composed of strong, contrast colors, where warm colors - red and brown prevail. In the past masters used natural colors. Ornament has its origin from far Bronze epoch, but gradually it was improved and expanded. Its elements were taken from flora and fauna that were surrounding the nomadic people. The main motif of Kyrgyz ornament was curl "kochkor" - stylized ram's horn. Sinuous line with rhythmically placed curls is named "kyal" - "dream", "fantasy". It also reminds the branch of flourishing tree.

To the Turkic nomad, a horse is a prized possession, and horsemanship a much-prized skill. Perhaps, therefore, it is not surprising that among the most popular national pastimes, or sports are contests on horseback. Central Asian horses possess such qualities as lightness and good coordination (essential in the mountains). They are exceptionally hearty, will eat almost anything and are not susceptible to sudden changes of weather.  They can endure long-distance marches with the rider. For these reasons Kyrgyz ponies were prized possessions even further a field in Russian and Europe in the past.

Local insurance also exist, but the amounts compensated are often ridiculous compared to the costs paid in your homeland. This is why it is essential to take out insurance in your country before leaving. Check with your insurer:

• if countries you are visiting are covered by insurance;
• if accidents during activities that you book with our agency are covered;
• if your policy covers repatriation;
• if your policy covers trip cancellation;

We do not routinely ask, but we recommend you send us before your departure, the emergency telephone number of your insurance.